Advisers to the nation on science, engineering, and medicine. Similarly, surveys where the interviewer reported problems asking some questions perhaps, due lack of appropriate training had, on average, higher nonresponse rates. Thus, they are the same for ea ch member of a single household. Explaining rising nonresponse rates in crosssectional surveys. New measures and new insights1 paper presented at the international conference on survey nonresponse, portland, or october, 1999. However, nonresponse rates in sample surveys have recently increased in many countries. Evaluation of gaining cooperation methods for ivr surveys. Thus, methods for dealing with nonresponse bias are becoming an important topic. In low and middleincome countries, ivr is used as a primary data collection mode. Nonresponse in household interview surveys survey research.
May 09, 20 thankfully, the second portion of the jama statement calls on survey researchers to ensure nonresponse bias does not threaten the validity of findings and omb requires a nonresponse bias analysis for the vast majority of surveys as most surveys do not meet the 80 percent threshold. Comparison of item and unit nonresponse in household surveys. Nonresponse and online student evaluations of teaching. If you are driving, parking is available in the union station garage. Household variables have separate values for each household in the monthly cps public use files. Nonresponse is an unavoidable problem in most sample surveys. Consistent measures, recent trends, and new insights article pdf available in journal of official statistics 172. This approach has the benefit of reducing labor costs, but without an. Although we report results through 2011, we are working on additional years of the ce interview survey, capturing data as they become available. Oct 25, 2010 nonresponse is a significant problem for survey research. Executive summary to create norcs probabilitybased amerispeak panel, the recruitment of households involves an. An evaluation of bias in the 2007 national household education surveys program results from a special data collection effort march 2009. View nonresponse in sample surveys research papers on academia. A followup study of the dutch victimization survey showed that persons, who are afraid to be home alone at night, are less inclined to participate in the survey.
Response rates lack both validity and reliability as a proxy measure of nonresponse bias. Consequences of survey nonresponse andy peytchev, 20. Nov 01, 2014 although we report results through 2011, we are working on additional years of the ce interview survey, capturing data as they become available. Nhes, a survey program sponsored by the national center for education statistics. Nonresponse in household interview surveys wiley series in. Sexual orientation in the 2014 national health survey.
If the proportion of nonrespondents is very small, nonresponse bias may be negligible. The trends also threaten to weaken the validity of inferences drawn from estimates based on those surveys. The goal of the research was to investigate the potential for nonresponse bias in estimates from the nhes. He is coauthor of nonresponse in household interview surveys with robert m. The use and effects of incentives in surveys eleanor singer. In developed countries, the quality of household surveys has deteriorated during the last decades meyer, mok and sullivan, 2015 and such decline in quality is even worse for public opinion surveys pew, 2012. Nonresponse in sample surveys research papers academia. Additionally, a random sample of institutional researchers drawn from a list of us colleges and universities was included to expand the breadth of research surveys represented in the project results.
Monthly current population survey public use microdata files. Survey nonresponse, biannual conferences of the european survey research association. At face value, it reduces the trust in survey estimates. Codes 01 to 08 cover situations in which a screening interview is.
The national health interview survey nhis, sponsored by the national center for health. Front matter nonresponse in social science surveys. Nonresponse in household interview surveys by robert m. Pdf nonresponse in household interview surveys semantic. The situation in the developing world is more worrisome, where many countries. The nonresponse challenge to surveys and statistics. Groves and others, and a coeditor of computer assisted survey information collection and methods for testing and evaluating survey questionnaires with stanley presser and others. Nonresponse in household interview surveys wiley series in survey methodology kindle edition by groves, robert m. Imputing income in the consumer expenditure interview survey. The national health interview survey estimates the difference in the mean.
The phenomena encompass nonresponse at both the unit and the item level. Recent empirical findings illustrate cases when the linkage between nonresponse rates and nonresponse biases is absent. Nonresponse in household interview surveys wiley series. The section on resources for researchers contains a pdf titled standard definition, which gives a thorough description of response rate definitions. In recent decades a clear decline in response rates in household surveys can be. Nonresponse in household interview surveys, were also performed. How to do survey nonresponse bias analyses in household and. Noncontact is higher in the cps than the ceq relative to refusal probably due to a shorter interview period. There are currently several ways concerned researchers may opt to tackle the issue of survey non response.
Household and person nonresponse measuring poverty. Evaluation of respondent selection methods for household. Provide, in one publication, basic concepts and methodologically sound procedures for designing samples for, in particular, nationallevel household surveys, emphasizing applied aspects of household sample design. The evidence to date makes it apparent that current trends in nonresponse, if not arrested, threaten to undermine the potential of household surveys to elicit information that assists in understanding social and economic issues.
Relation between unit nonresponse and item nonresponse. Nonresponse in telephone surveys occurs when eligible sample members e. Nonresponse bias in the 2005 national household education. It addresses issues critical to dealing with nonresponse in surveys, reducing nonresponse during survey data collection.
The highest nonresponse for both surveys was from total income questions. Improving income nonresponse in the national health. To increase understanding about course evaluation participation in the online environment, this study examined. The national academy of sciences is a private, nonprofit, selfperpetuating society of distinguished scholars engaged in scientific and engineering research, dedicated to the furtherance of science and technology and to their use for the general welfare. Unit nonresponse refers to the complete absence of an interview from a sampled household whereas item nonresponse refers to the absence of answers to specific questions in the interview after the sampled household agrees to participate in the survey. Consequently, many of these institutions suffer from low response rates, but little research is available on this topic. Multiple imputation for nonresponse in surveys ebook. It is also a suitable supplement for courses on survey methods at the upperundergraduate and graduate levels. A comprehensive framework for both reduction of nonresponse and postsurvey adjustment for nonresponse this book provides guidance and support for survey statisticians who need to develop models for postsurvey adjustment for nonresponse, and for survey designers and practitioners attempting to reduce unit nonresponse in household interview surveys. Furthermore, in free societies 100 percent compliance is not to be expected. Nonresponse in household interview surveys request pdf. Nonresponse rates and nonresponse bias in household surveys. In traditional mail surveys, the response process basically remains a mystery.
It shows that nonresponse is increasing but that existing methods for modeling response mechanisms do not adequately explain these changes. Use features like bookmarks, note taking and highlighting while reading nonresponse in household interview surveys wiley series in survey methodology. One key consequence is that high nonresponse rates undermine the rationale for inference in probabilitybased surveys, which is that the respondents constitute a random selection from the target population. Nonresponse followup impact on ameri speak panel sample. P person variable person variables collected in cps describe a characteristic of a person. Response rates in many large crosssectional surveys in the united states have declined significantly over the past few decades, continuing a pattern that was observed for some major surveys beginning in the middle of the last century steeh 1981. Nonresponse bias adjustment in regression analysis. What follows is a listing of the top 10 lessons from the survey methodology literature regarding nonresponse in studies of the lowincome population. The unit nonresponse bias analysis takes into account nonresponse on both the ncvs and the scs.
On average, the rental agent survey took 10 minutes to complete. An evaluation of bias in the 2007 national household. Sequential weighting adjustments for location cooperation propensity. Pdf fiftynine methodological studies were designed to estimate the. Pdf the influence of interviewers attitude and behaviour on. Handbook of nonresponse in household surveys download. A 2011 institute of medicine iom report on the health of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender lgbt persons called for ongoing collection of sexual orientation data in federally funded surveys and more research on inequities in sexual minority health care 1. The authors begin with an introduction to the nonresponse problem along with basic concepts and definitions. Surveys conducted in a language other than the respondents mother tongue have lower response rates, on average, by 0. Differences are mainly due to level of respondent motivation possible in different modes.
We do not know whether a potential respondent received the questionnaire at all, read it, and began answering it. Unfortunately, this book cant be printed from the openbook. Nonresponse in household interview surveys is an important resource for professionals and students in survey methodologyresearch methods as well as those who use survey methods or data in business, government, and academia. How to do survey nonresponse bias analyses in household and establishment surveys june 10, 2009 bureau of labor statistics conference center, rooms 2 massachusetts avenue, ne, washington, dc if you are taking metro, use the red line to union station. Nonresponse followup impact on ameri speak panel sample composition and representativeness authors. A comprehensive framework for both reduction of nonresponse andpostsurvey adjustment for nonresponse this book provides guidance and support for survey. This report documents a nonresponse bias study for the 2005 national household education surveys program nhes. However, income has one of the highest item nonresponse rates in many surveys. Response for mail surveys usually much lower than other modes of data collection. The causes and consequences of response rates in surveys. Nonresponse definition and meaning collins english.
Nonresponse in household interview surveys wiley online. Household survey responses rates in the united states have been steadily declining for at. Pdf while nonresponse rates in household surveys are increasing in most industrialized nations, the increasing rates do not always produce. More people are leaving some survey questions unanswered, especially questions about income.
Comparison of item and unit nonresponse in household. Michael brick westat chris chapman project officer national center for education statistics nces 2009029 u. Pdf the impact of nonresponse rates on nonresponse bias. In his 2006 public opinion quarterly article4, robert m. Technological advances have enabled institutions of higher education to administer course evaluations online, forgoing the traditional paperandpencil methods. Each of these allows potential respondents to avoid contact with unknown callers and. Pdf experiments in producing nonresponse bias researchgate. Clearly illustrates the advantages of modern computing to such handle surveys, and demonstrates the benefit of this statistical technique for researchers who must analyze them.
Interviews with rental agents were conducted either inperson or by phone soon after the inperson household interview was completed. If you need to print pages from this book, we recommend downloading it as a pdf. This applies particularly with business surveys, where large or significant units should be targeted first. The trends toward declining survey response rates that are documented in chapter 1 have consequences.
Regression analysis is often used to analyze survey data. Nonresponse can, but need not, induce nonresponse bias in survey estimates. For the 2015 ncvs interview, census found evidence of unit nonresponse bias within hispanic origin, urbanicity, region and age subgroups. Nonresponse is a particular problem in longitudinal or multiplewave surveys and studies where sampled individuals may drop out of the study after several interviews. This volume of the annals abundantly highlights the critical importance of surveys to contemporary society, addresses the causes and consequences of rising survey nonresponse. Selfselection and misreporting in legislative surveys. Response rates lack validity in that there is not even a moderate correlation with nonresponse bias groves 2006.
Groves and others published nonresponse in household interview surveys find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. Pdf several studies have addressed the role of the interviewer in. Handbook of nonresponse in household surveys is an essential reference for survey researchers working in the fields of business, economics, government, and the social sciences who gather, analyze, and draw results from data. The nonresponse rate of the national health interview survey, for example, rose from 8 percent in 1997 to 24 percent in 20. A comprehensive framework for both reduction of nonresponse andpostsurvey adjustment for nonresponse this book provides guidance and support for survey statisticianswho need to develop models for postsurvey adjustment fornonresponse, and for survey designers and practitioners attemptingto reduce unit nonresponse in household interview surveys. Handbook of nonresponse in household surveys jelke. Response rates for household travel surveys conducted within the united states have. It occurs in a number of surveys of statistics netherlands. For example, prtage gives the age of an individual. Handbook of nonresponse in household surveys is a complete guide to handling the nonresponse problem, outlining statistical methods and techniques for improving response rates and correcting response data. National household education surveys program of 2007. Technological impediments to making contact with a household are one of the primary causes of unit nonresponse in telephone surveys 2. Data resources for testing theories of survey participation.
Demonstrates how nonresponse in sample surveys and censuses can be handled by replacing each missing value with two or more multiple imputations. Such information can hardly be reconstructed afterwards without the aid of a follow. Current issues in household survey nonresponse at statistics canada. The household survey initiated 851 rental agent survey cases, of which 524 62% were successfully completed.
Nonresponse is a prominent problem in sample surveys. The rest of table 1 shows the item nonresponse rates. Nonresponse rates and nonrespose bias in household surveys. This is a real worry because nonresponse can lead to biased research and because nonresponse poses a significant threat to the federal statistical system in its entirety. Groves analysis showed that there is a significant amount of variability in nonresponse bias from one estimate to another within the same survey with. Sep 30, 2011 technological advances have enabled institutions of higher education to administer course evaluations online, forgoing the traditional paperandpencil methods. What follows is a listing of the top 10 lessons from the survey methodology literature regarding nonresponse in studies of. More specifically, the objectives of the handbook are to. A comprehensive framework for both reduction of nonresponse and postsurvey adjustment for nonresponse. Classifying response and nonresponse patterns in web surveys. These impediments include answering machines and callwaiting, caller id, and callblocking features. Nonresponse in household interview surveys wiley online books. This was an idea stolen from kemsley, wh 1971o in mount, ed such a study in great britain.
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